Getting users
Attribution and signal tactics
How founders measure where installs come from and which conversion events they send ad networks. 210 tactics from 109 founder interviews.
Founders worked on two problems: seeing which channel or creator actually drove sales, and feeding ad networks a cleaner signal of who will pay. Early on many matched download spikes to posts and asked users how they heard about the app, which got harder at volume. Sending funnel events, filtered trials or adjusted values often cut costs, while lift tests showed platform dashboards could be well off in either direction.
- Signal changes cut costs: FaithFull said sending sign-up, paywall-view and checkout events dropped cost per result about 50%, and one app cut cost per trial about 35% by reporting trial starts as trials instead of purchases.FaithFullA subscription app
- Sizzle AI switched ads off and on and found real purchases were usually about 2x what platforms reported, while ElevenLabs holdout tests showed 500 reported conversions were only 200 incremental.Sizzle AIElevenLabs
- Cal AI, BeHard and Massive matched download or sales spikes to individual creator posts at launch, and all three said this stopped working once volume grew or several videos went viral each day.Cal AIBeHardMassive
- Ladder sent TikTok clicks to a web quiz and checked that untracked App Store trials rose in step with quiz signups; the ratio held as budgets grew 5-8x, with payback in low single-digit months.Ladder (1)Ladder (2)
- Spending before measurement could be costly: Lose It! saw ROAS as low as about 10% when scaling paid, MySwimPro's first two ad rounds failed without tracking, and Microsoft 365 paid for attribution tools it barely used.Lose It!MySwimProMicrosoft 365
- Self-reported answers filled gaps: Opal called its how-did-you-hear question its most reliable attribution, and RevenueCat's free-text answers revealed AI chatbots recommending it, something it would not have thought to ask about.OpalRevenueCat
Summary written 2026-09-28 from the tactics below. Figures are as founders stated them.
What worked, most detailed first
What didn't work, or only partly
- Check every morning that ads pay back on the first purchase after feesNot profitable for the first couple of weeks; ~30% margin on paid ads now
- Report low-value users as worth less and high-value users as worth morePushes delivery toward top users but hides true ROAS; has backfired when overdone
- Count a business user's yearly plan as worth 5 weekly consumer plansWorked at first; went stale after 18 months of price changes and needed fixing
- Deezer: Check marketing results several ways and use lift tests to correct your mix modelMMM 'not fully satisfying' yet; lift tests confirmed hidden upper-funnel value
- Sago Mini: Measure ads with Apple's anonymous data only and model lifetime value yourselfWorks because 80% of purchases happen in 2 days; still a slow manual process
- Value Study: Remove a feature people call confusing once a newer one covers itBackfired; many users who relied on it complained
- Cal AI: Match download spikes to each creator post while volume is still lowEarly on every video showed a clear spike; gets murky at scale
- FaithFull: Try asking people to sign up after the paywall instead of firstNo big change in paywall views; login stayed first to tie purchases to users
- Send an offer to people who turn off auto-renewLooked great, but users refunded first and then took the offer; net negative
- Massive: Check Stripe or RevenueCat after each viral video to see if it soldNow 3-5 viral videos a day and can't tell which ones convert
- Treat users who rush a 30-screen onboarding in under a minute as low valueHeld for one app; another app found its fastest finishers were its best users
- Sizzle AI: Test clean, warm and social-proof sign-up screens; break ties with assisted conversionsSocial proof: more purchases in some groups, neutral overall on assisted conversions
- Mosaic Group: Use early subscription cancellations to predict who will churnDidn't work: few cancel early; most cancel near the renewal reminder
- Base your Meta setup on SKAN; use AEM only to scale furtherAEM helped high-CPI apps below SKAN thresholds, but it's a black box
- Lose It!: Spend big on paid ads to stop relying on organic users~10% predicted ROAS at scale; money burned and the push was dropped
- onX: Judge a new ad network by whether sales grow while conversion rates holdFormal incrementality tests with some partners came up short for a niche audience
- Put all spend behind one channel and one optimization signalGrew from 0 to eight figures in two years, then had no fallback when it broke
- Voyantis: Let a signal specialist filter and send your ad events, and test itOne of two tests looks good, the other doesn't; not conclusive
- Put a simple landing page between the ad and the storeWorked for one game; the same setup failed for several of the guest's apps
- Dump app event logs into a plain SQL database instead of buying analyticsToo hard to explore, so nobody asked questions; moved back to Mixpanel
- Microsoft 365: Buy attribution and messaging tools before the mobile apps had product fitDidn't work: privacy problems and big bills for tools barely used; redone years later
- MySwimPro: Try paid ads before you can track what the spend producedFirst two rounds failed; third round in progress with better analytics
Companies in this topic
More tactics (176)
- Momego: Keep only ad keywords that return $1.20 per $1 within 3 monthsShows taps, trials and paid users per keyword without an MMP
- Elephas: List 15+ niche subreddits and post in one per day, tracking each linkPart of the Reddit phase that reached $3K MRR; tracking showed which posts converted
- Tell Meta a trial start is a trial, not a purchaseCost per trial down ~35% with the same ads and campaigns
- Pushcroll: End videos with 'comment app' and auto-DM the download linkUp to 62K comments on one video; ~90K DMs sent, 33% clicked
- Check that Meta and Google receive the same event counts as your own analyticsGaps of 30-50% are common; fix anything above 10% before touching ads
- Send ad networks only the trials likely to pay, as their own eventGuest's go-to first step when paid trial quality lags; no numbers given
- Keep at least 10 conversion events per campaign per day before filteringUnder ~10/day optimization breaks; well above it, fewer better events win
- Disney+: Email the boss three bullet points by noon each day instead of dashboardsThe president stopped needing dashboards; no numbers
- Opal: Judge everything by 8-day ad return; raise spend weekly while above 100%Near zero to $5M ARR in about a year, no separate marketing budget
- Ladder: Send every TikTok ad click to a web quiz and track answers that mark ideal usersTargeting tightened within a week; payback in low single-digit months
- Start with ~$6K of install ads, then optimize for sign-ups and trials once volume allows
- Japan Dev: Give job seekers a ¥3,000 gift card for reporting their hireCatches unreported hires at a 'pretty good hit rate'
- Japan Dev: Collect applicants' name and email before sending them to the company's job page
- Value Study: Ask an optional 'Where did you hear about us?' with a free-text box31,000 answers; free text names specific teachers, courses and books
- Excel Exercises: Work out lifetime value separately for monthly and annual customersBlended 3:1 LTV:CAC hid monthly plans barely profitable, 4-5 month payback
- Cal AI: Match download spikes to each creator post early on to learn what convertsEach early video showed as a spike (e.g. 100 to 200 downloads an hour)
- Cal AI: Never pay creators more per 1,000 views than you earn per 1,000 viewsMeans turning down many creators; no outcome numbers
- SurpassMD: Optimize ads for the first form answer, then move deeper as data comes in
- Give ad-driven users a hard paywall and App Store searchers a closable oneFounder said it worked really well; no numbers
- BoldVoice: Show the ~$150 annual plan first so ad spend pays back when trials endCash lands 7 days after install, so each channel's ROI is known at once; no numbers
- Bickster: Set Meta ads to find buyers, not installs, and test videos at ~$500/dayInstall-to-purchase rose from ~6% to ~18-20%
- Fastlane: Find your heaviest users in analytics and call them to learn what helpsShowed short-form views and installs were the value; team went all-in on it
- Fastlane: Put all call notes in one AI dashboard and score which customers love youShowed signups who said 'I need marketing now' stick around better than curious ones
- BPM: Test ad tracking with $5, start at $50/day, add ad sets once costs holdStable costs; some ads ran profitably for months
- Send Meta sign-up, paywall-view and checkout events while still optimizing for purchasesGuest says the ad account got smarter; no numbers
- Go Tall: Post 10 TikToks a day for a month until one format worksFound a repeatable format; knew how many downloads 100K views brings
- Tiimo: Keep blended cost per customer under about $10.50 and check it weeklyKeeps paid growth profitable; cut brand spend like influencers
- Pep AI: Give every creator a tracked link and discount codeShows who to keep and whose rates to cut
- Simply: Switch off app ads in one country and web ads in another to spot overlapShowed where apps and channels cannibalized each other; no numbers
- Compare cost per trial with trial-to-paid rate for each age groupAges 25-34 cost the most; older users looked under-served
- Flame: Run 15-20 TikTok accounts on 5 phones and log each one's views dailyAbout 50-58M organic views in a year; ~250K downloads
- Optimize Meta ads for purchases, but also send paywall views and checkout startsSaid to improve results; no numbers given
- FaithFull: Send Meta an 'achievement unlocked' event when someone hits a 7-day food streakImpact unknown; meant to help Meta find users who stay engaged
- Journable: Before running Google ads, send installs, paywall views, trials and purchase values to GoogleLets Google optimize delivery on real purchases; no separate numbers
- ElevenLabs: Run holdout tests in each ad platform and discount reported sales by the resultsExample: 500 reported conversions were only 200 incremental
- BeHard: Use creators early, when a video's download spike is easy to seeTens of millions of TikTok views; can beat paid ads with the right creator
- Mojo: Judge every paywall and price test on revenue per user in the first 7 daysChosen to shorten payback and fund more ad spend; worked well per guest
- Ask 'How did you hear about us?' and hard-paywall only people from adsUntested idea; a shared chart showed 5% soft vs 34% hard paywall conversion
- Babbel: Chart revenue from new, upgrading, renewing and returning subscribers, then explain each spikeSurfaces which past decisions moved revenue, e.g. a lifetime plan launch; no numbers
- Duolingo: Count ad complaints per million users and compare them to other complaintsMissing-course complaints were 3x ad complaints; ads launched
- Payout: Give each creator link its own App Store page to see what drives installsShowed ManyChat and organic installs are about even
- Lobby: Track how many new users get 5 friends on day one, then build for it60% vs 20% hit 5 friends in Israel vs elsewhere; D90 25-30%, about double
- Tinder: Give each paid feature its own paywall and check its sales every morningShowed 2-3 features drive most new subs; weak ones were made free
- Jungle: Split onboarding into three short steps spread through the first session
- PropGPT: If many start a trial but few pay, fix the product, not the marketingSpotted 45% trial starts vs 13% paying; led to the rebuild
- Clear 30: Check which ages and quit reasons pay most, then aim ads at them26-30 year olds convert at almost double the 18-20 rate
- LinkedIn: Judge tests on 5-year modeled revenue, not just first-year bookingsNo numbers; they turn down revenue that would hurt the funnel long term
- Raise ad budget step by step as older cohorts prove their Day 30 and 60 ROAS
- Report each user's expected value at month 13, not what they paid on day oneGuest's main advanced lever; no numbers given
- Look up each conversion's value from a server so you can change it without a releaseAvoids app releases for every price or currency change; says it makes a big difference
- Send your conversion signal within a day, waiting a few hours to see early useVoyantis showed timing matters; guest says signals after 24 hours are nearly useless
- Send every event to every ad network, then pick a different signal for each
- Compare the value you report with real revenue by country, not just in total
- Report a $1 value for non-payers who look likely to stick around
- Sizzle AI: Switch ads off and on to measure real sales lift; compare every attribution sourceReal purchases usually about double what the ad platform reports
- Sizzle AI: Add columns showing each ad's step-by-step drop-off from install to paywallSurfaces ads and journeys with 10x higher purchase conversion
- Check where each Google ad actually runs, and treat cheap CPMs as a warningAn audit traced poor traffic to ads running only on display sites
- Genius Scan: Keep the button for your top paid feature on screen, not in a menuHiding it cut paywall views ~10-20% for months; putting it back restored them
- RevenueCat: Check 5-10 key numbers every morning, with 30- and 90-day averages30-day above 90-day means healthy; no outcome reported
- Compare your last 12 months of metrics to similar apps to find your weakest spot
- Mosaic Group: Estimate lifetime value as a range of weighted guesses, then narrow it monthlyLets new products act on LTV before years of data exist; no numbers
- Mosaic Group: Count only 2-4 years of revenue per user and require fast payback early onConservative at worst; high LTV:CAC shows how much more spend cash could unlock
- Launch one ad channel at a time and change one bid per monthGuest's post-ATT method; new channels almost always underperform early forecasts
- Captions: Track what share of subscribers contact support each month and watch for jumpsSteady at ~3% a month; jumps flag bad releases, outages or promos
- Judge search ads on when they pay back, not first-week return40-50% first-week return is fine for subscription apps
- Ladder: Send ad clicks to a web survey and flag likely payers to TikTok and InstagramWorking really well, host says, even with fuzzy web-to-install tracking
- Disney+: Build your own event tracking, keep Adobe as a backup, then drop Adobe~$1K/day in-house vs ~$33K/day for Adobe; Adobe removed within weeks
- Disney+: Log one generic 'button clicked' event with keys, not a new event per featureGuest says it avoided costly renames and merges; still in use years later
- Buy analytics tools first, but set dates to decide whether to switchGuest says companies without checkpoints get stuck with rising vendor costs; no numbers
- Mojo: Match each week's ad spend to that week's trials, by country and platform
- Wait at least a week before judging a new Meta campaignSKAN data arrives 2-3 days late; early reads show spend with zero trials
- Ask new users their age, gender and how they found youGives sample data per channel and age where SKAN misses up to ~50% of trials
- Turn ads on and off, check survey and opt-in data, then set cost-per-trial goalsScrappy model most small and mid-size teams use; no numbers
- MySwimPro: Give each social channel its own App Store link to track revenueCan now tie revenue to each channel; only set up in the last few months
- Opal: Ask new users where they heard about you, and split results by answerFounder calls it the most reliable attribution, beating paid tools
- Opal: Split users with Firebase and compare groups in AmplitudeAnswers in about 8 days; ran 121 tests with a team of 7
- Quizlet: Map the few user actions and loops that drive growth, then model themGuest says it made growth more systematic; no numbers
- Quizlet: Estimate word of mouth from direct, branded-search and social signups per active userRevealed back-to-school and exam spikes in edtech; no numbers
- Ladder: Give each coach a tracked link-in-bio page that sends fans straight into their programStill the setup for all coaches; lets Ladder track every coach's signups
- Ladder: Check that untracked App Store installs rise with quiz signups, then steer by the quiz3 untracked installs per quiz taker, moving in lockstep; held through 5-8x budget
- Ask for tracking permission the moment the app first opensLeast impact of all placements tested on sign-ups, trials, paying and activation
- Divide all ad spend by all installs, trials and purchases, organic included
- Watch how total installs, trials and subscribers shift as spend changes, per countryCatches bad trials and losing segments that ad dashboards miss
- Fitbod: Let subscribers share a link that gives friends 6 free workouts instead of 3Has driven users, per founder; built mainly to measure the word-of-mouth loop
- Fitbod: Measure retention as 3+ workouts a month, not just renewals
- Strava: Count a new user as active once they upload one workout and follow one person in 7 days
- Strava: Report every test through one shared query and dashboardBecame the source of truth for nearly every experiment
- Sago Mini: Track app usage with only a per-device ID: no IP, ad ID or account IDGets 90-95% of the picture; parent and kid devices can't be linked
- Duolingo: After a big launch, keep 1-2% of users on the old version for 3-4 months
- Brainrot: Find what your most active users do, then get everyone else doing itFounder calls it a big unlock; no numbers
- Cal AI: Measure revenue per 1,000 views and keep what you pay creators below it
- Each morning, give AI your ad and sales exports and ask for the best performersDaily routine behind his Apple and TikTok ad decisions; no separate numbers
- Shot Pattern: Compare your conversion rates with RevenueCat's benchmarks before you accept an acquisition offer99th-percentile trial rates; turned down $75K and netted ~$100K the next summer
- AbMax: Work out your break-even cost per sale and judge every ad against itSimple to read while ads are the only channel
- Cal AI: Decide which creators to renew with a score built from many metricsHelped untangle attribution with 50-70 creators posting a day; no numbers
- SurpassMD: Send ad platforms custom events with all patient details stripped out
- SurpassMD: Have an AI agent fill out competitors' sign-up funnels and yours, then suggest fixesGuest says agent opinions give the obvious fixes; real data gives bigger jumps
- Qobra: Run meme ads for a B2B product on LinkedIn and YouTubeOne meme ad led to an $80K/year deal; $200-300K/year spend
- Cal AI: Measure revenue per 1,000 views and pay creators a lower rate than that
- Fitbit to Apple Health Sync: Run Google and Bing search ads and feed sales back to them every nightTwo of the three main paid channels; Bing small but profitable
- Bickster: Skip paid attribution tools; use Meta's own numbers, in-house tracking and Mixpanel
- Built With Science: Mention the app softly mid-video, and tell user transformation storiesStory videos bring more trials than broad educational ones; old videos give steady monthly trials
- Built With Science: Spend the first month of ads just learning your paid trial-to-paid rateTook about a month to get a baseline to set the allowed cost per customer
- Built With Science: Build a dashboard that confirms which trials came from Meta, and send Meta your best users
- Tiimo: Pick one number, tasks done on day one, and rank every feature by itCompany says it helped them focus; no numbers
- Erly: Track each creator video's views and match view spikes to sales spikesFounder says it's good enough; judges spend in total, not per creator
- Cardstock: Give creators TikTok slideshow templates to post and pay them by viewsFounder calls it their biggest success; no numbers given
- Fabulous: Set up AI agents that watch competitors' apps and ads and write reportsReplaces what would be a full-time analyst job; no numbers
- Use AI to scan the App Store daily for copycats and track their adsSpeaker says it gives them defenses against clones; no results shared
- Momingo: Judge ad spend on 3-month customer value, not first-month return
- PhotoRoom: Judge brand campaigns by brand-name searches and surveys, not cost per installFreed the team to try new channels; claim only
- Late: Track which channel brings revenue, and put all revenue back into the winnersFounder says it guides spend; no separate numbers
- Duolingo: Use each user's signals to pick between your own upgrade ads and paid adsGood wins, per guest; no numbers
- Give each Apple Ads campaign its own product page to see its sales
- Split renewal rates by plan, discount, and web vs app before reading themWeb buyers renew much better, so blended renewals rise from mix shift alone
- Yousician: Use monthly-plan renewals to set a warning threshold for yearly-plan test winners
- Use MMP data to compare ads, but switch channels off to see what they really add
- Burner: Judge paywall tests by projected customer lifetime value from day-8 and day-30 data
- Clear 30: Ask users where they found the app, and also run proper ad trackingShows cost per trial by platform to rebalance spend daily; founders call it very helpful
- Clear 30: Track users from the first screen, not only after they sign inRevealed drop-offs; intro screen passes 85-90%
- Add a pointless CAPTCHA and tell the ad platform who solves itAbout 40% higher ROAS, recalled secondhand
- Send trial starts, direct purchases, trial conversions and renewals as separate eventsDefault SDK mapping often lumps them all into one event; guest says fix it first
- Send Google only the trials that look likely to payGoogle trials converted at ~15% vs ~40% elsewhere; the fix moved the needle
- Tell ad networks which users reported high anxiety, since they pay far moreBlack hat
- Report your biggest spenders as mid-value so Meta doesn't stop early
- Sizzle AI: Find the funnel step losing over half your users and have everyone fix it2-3x more users reaching the next step, vs ~10% gains from new features
- Expo: Download the top 100 apps in every category to see who uses your framework
- Reading.com: Point each ad set at one web funnel, and split campaigns by tracking method
- Reading.com: Build your own analytics, clean the data, then send it to AmplitudeGot needed insight while passing Apple's kids-app review; no numbers
- Show Apple's tracking permission prompt so ad networks can attribute and re-target usersOpt-in ranges from 10% to 50-60% depending on the app
- Run iOS install ads on TikTok, Snapchat and Meta with their advanced attribution hookupsBig lift in attribution; renewals tracked past SKAN's delay; no exact numbers
- Quizlet: Ask a few quick questions about why when people cancelFound a third of 'no longer need' churners were just done with one test
- Tell Google to find trial starts, not paid subscribers
- Deezer: Keep paying for install and reach ads even when they don't show direct salesLift tests showed a much bigger boost to sales campaigns than expected
- RevenueCat: Ask users how they heard about you, with a free-text boxRevealed ChatGPT and Claude were sending people; read daily
- Measure Meta app ads with AEM instead of SKANMuch more accurate; big accounts fully migrated
- Send sign-up, trial and purchase events from your web funnel back to MetaStandard practice; value-based bidding tried with no results yet
- RoboKiller: Track whether each user is getting the core value, and step in when you fail themA wrongly handled call was highly correlated with churn, triggering fixes
- Pray.com: Measure TV and online ads together with a statistical model, not click trackingComfortable running on statistical models since before ATT; no numbers
- Puff Count: Turn the TikToks that already did well into Facebook and TikTok adsFounder says the ad algorithms find buyers when the creative is proven; no numbers
- Keep ad results for your app's name separate from all other keywords
- Change the first-day experience so it shows within 24 hours who will payGame companies did this to survive the 24-hour SKAdNetwork window; no numbers
- Babbel: Buy lots of cheap cable TV spots and track the traffic jump after eachPlays out really well, guest says; no numbers
- Babbel: Ask every new user where they heard about you, and combine it with other modelsLets Babbel judge offline channels like digital ones; no numbers
- Disney+: Move a show with near-100% completion up from the last row of the home screen
- Disney+: Group viewers by household, like parents or single adults, not by fan typeHousehold groups predicted behavior better; over half the audience were single adults
- RevenueCat: Start on Amplitude; add a data pipeline once product changes break your definitionsCo-host says it smoothed definition changes for data users; no numbers
- Mojo: Push yearly plans so ad spend pays back in about 30 daysSkips LTV prediction entirely; no results reported
- Microsoft 365: Use search ads to find keywords that bring paying users, then target them organically
- Microsoft 365: Cap Android install costs far below iOS, since Android users pay much lessAndroid CPI caps up to 50x lower than iOS in some cases
- Optimize Meta ads for trial starts and rank trials highest in SKANApps with a trial in onboarding weathered SKAN better than games
- Skip paid tracking tools early; use Meta's SDK and your subscription dataMost 10-20 person client teams run without one; no numbers
- Surfline: Cut market research down using your own free users' data and surveys
- Ladder: Judge ad spend by how fast you earn it back, not by lifetime valuePayback in low single-digit months, improving as spend grew
- Judge ad results in your attribution tool, not in Meta's dashboardMeta shows only ~60% of the results the MMP sees for some clients
- Count a user as churning when they miss their own usual visit rhythm
- When ads don't pay back, check each funnel step from ad to paid before spending moreFound one client where only 70% of installs ever opened the app
- Crunchyroll: Compare people who cancel in the first month with those who stay
- Substack: If your retention beats your peers by a lot, raise your priceSome writers keep 90% of subscribers after a year yet never change price
- TalkingParents: Track each visitor from first site visit to paying, using your own dataFounder says it's 'paying dividends' after two years; no numbers
- Start with each ad channel's free tracking; add an MMP once you'll run several
- Keakr: Find which features buyers used first, then nudge similar users toward themAdvanced-editing users were more likely to subscribe; no numbers
- Sago Mini: Choose partners willing to build custom tools for your rulesPartner built a compliant custom SDK in about 3 weeks with ~20 people
- Duolingo: Ship every change as an A/B test, even back-end tweaksCredited for ~50% yearly DAU growth a decade after launch; no test-level numbers
- ZenMaid: Cut marketing in countries where customers pay less and cost more
- Excel Exercises: Add paid ads once organic search has proven people will payBiggest growth turning point, from $10K to $30K/month
- Build an in-house analytics tool that anyone can query in plain EnglishInvestor calls it ridiculously powerful; no numbers
- StudyFetch: Build a dashboard that pings you when videos trend in other niches
- Coconote: Track each creator's results with a dedicated tool (viral.app)Only one of 5-6 tools tried that worked for them
- Halo AI: Predict where revenue will level off from views, conversion and churnForecast a $300K MRR plateau and hit exactly that
- ElevenLabs app: Share UGC creators, tools and tracking setup across sibling apps
- Change what you report as user value when cash matters more than long-term LTV
- The Weather Company: Score each user's chance to subscribe and use local weather to time offersNo numbers; guest warns untuned models decay as conditions change
- Nomorobo: Track just one number early on: robocalls blockedFounder recommends it; no measured result
- Duolingo: Ask for tracking permission only after a few lessons are done
- Change which events you send to ad networks, even as a young appBig uplift per the guest; details saved for a blog post
New tactics every Monday
The week's founder interviews, boiled down to what they did and what happened.
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